Fortunately, Yazd province is one of the cities that preserve many books on its history, geography and social life, which are increasing in number along the time too. In this article, the city of Yazd is divided into four important historical periods in terms of resources which are described in detail. Unlike its fertile land, the historical and long-lasting land of Yazd is very rich in terms of historical resources, especially the ancient resources compared to other provinces of Iran, even the ancient land of Isfahan. As experts know, the historical sources of each country, except for independent sources such as local histories, include public sources (Iranian histories, etc. ), travelogues, memoirs, documents and even historical photographs that are found in the travelogues of the second period. The volume of the book "Yazd in Travelogues", compiled by Akbar Qalamsiah, includes many printed travelogues about Yazd. However, there are other sources that need to be collected. The author divides the local independent sources into four general historical periods.

This paper is aims to review the book entitled Review of History: What and Why? byBeverley Southgate. Our findings show that this book is not an original work which contains speculations of the author, but it is an elementary text book about one of the most important questions of the philosophy of history, i. e. Does history have any kind of objectivity? In a good manner, he gathered views of the former as well as the latter. Also, he shows that how the history, as a disciplines affected by other fields of humanities. Its language is simple and has a logical structure. But relativistic and subjectivist approach of the author is one of the challenging aspects of this book in Iranian philosophical atmosphere. This book is old and its subject matters are very limited.

Today, in schools and universities and at the general level of society, the interest in reading historical books has decreased, making the audience and learners interested in history is one of the important topics, one of the ways to make them interested in history. History, familiarity with local history is a kind of close history, local history has a long history and great importance in today's world, in the present article, with a descriptive-analytical method, looking for the effects of familiarity with local history in It is to make the audience interested in history and the author's field experiences have been used in the field of history education at the school level. Familiarity with local history has many effects in making teenagers and young people interested in history, and this is done by changing the practice of history teachers and lecturers in using teaching methods and tools such as: using pictures, documents, videos, and sounds, (IT) etc., happens and has results, familiarity with local history causes: the attraction of history for the audience, creating excitement in learners, scientific competition, empathy and convergence of people, more importance to partial history. And oral and public attention becomes history.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate teaching different dimensions of local history in history courses from the perspective of secondary school history teachers and students. To conduct the research, 16 teachers were selected purposefully and 285 students were randomly selected. The data collection tools for the quantitative data were two researcher made questionnaires for history teachers and students. The content validity was checked to determine the validity, and the Cronbach' s alpha was measured to determine the reliability, which was 68.2 and 97.3 for the questionnaire number one and two, respectively. The qualitative data, in addition to the open-ended questions of the students’ questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews with 8 history teachers, were analyzed through grounded theory. The results showed that students and teachers have positive attitudes towards teaching the local history of the province.From the students points of view, teaching political history have the most importance and economical history has the leastimportance as compared to other dimensions. History teachers found teaching cultural-social history the most important and teaching economical history as the least important dimension of local history. Morever, among the teachers and students points of view regarding the importance of teaching local history in the history courses were: pedagogical necessity, understanding one’s living environment, meeting the spiritual needs of individuals, strengthening the spirit of patriotism, representation and preservation of local identity and multilateral development of the community. In order to teach local history, history teachers proposed the following methods: cooperative teachingbased teaching-learning method, narrating historical stories by the teacher (oral history), and teaching by electronical resources.

In our country, although the teaching of local history in schools does not yet exist in formal education, it has received attention in the subject of history courses and history education in undergraduate and graduate courses. In these sources, whose geographical aspect is more prominent than its historical aspect, the spatial understanding of the course of historical events is well deepened. In addition, social history and historical sociology are other knowledges related to local history that should be relied upon in the research and teaching of local history. The plan of local history in the form of a lesson can be an educational opportunity to introduce the lesson of history and involve students in the learning process, and it can help to understand history. The application of historical geography knowledge in teaching local history is the main question of the article, which is to be answered. The research has been done with the method of trend study and interpretation of geography sources. The findings of the research show that paying attention to historical geography, which strengthens the students' spatial understanding, and the use of special historical geography research methods and tools are effective in this local history education.

This study presents a local historiography related to the writing of secular and religious historical books both quantitatively and qualitatively which are a collection of local historiography. The present investigation and analysis of extant books as well as the exploration of references and quotations from non-extant books which appear in extant books provide a structural pattern of both kinds of local historiography. The comparison between the collection of extant local historiography of Isfahan and the collection of local historiography of other places in Iran can lead us to a structural and contextual framework for analysis of Isfahan historiography books. Using this analysis shows that each one of Isfahan local historiography is classified under the common local historiography of other places in Iran.

Local historiography has not been considered as a form of historiography in Iran, especially during the Timurid period. Meanwhile, one of the types of local historiography is the poetic historiography, and a kind of poetic history spread during the Timurid period is Shahrashoob. In fact, the townships provide plenty of information about the social and cultural history as well as the characteristics of cities, guilds, etc. in the form of local history. Also, the poetic historiography provides a lot of information about the reconstruction of some of the historical events of his time and in terms of showing evidence of the revival of the Iranian soul and the Persian language. Therefore, the main purpose of the present paper is to provide a sociological analysis of Shahrashoob as a local episode in Timurid times and examine the social and cultural conditions of this age.

In this article through critical view try to explain approach of Ahamad Ashraf and katouzian in relation with meta narrative of modernity and Representation of local history. Accordingly, Our purpose consist of describe and critique of discourse statements of modernity and tradition, which is done through. Components of "Representation of local history" and "Western meta-narratives of modernity" It is noteworthy that, this article in order to explain similarities and differences about modernity and local history according to view of Ahamad Ashraf and katouzian. We try to answer following question: "Is it just one impression of modernity? or we can discuss about Modernities or different way of modernity in conformity with history of society? " In this two approach discussion about tradition if rely upon native history of Iranian society? Or representation from society has been formed through framework of "comparative and contrastive" in "Resemblances" or "differences" with referral of western language of history.

Literary texts, including divan, are among the sources of historical researches. Although divan’ s topic is not directly related to historical issues, and sometimes some historians only make historical interpretations of the poet’ s allusions, some of divans have also considered various historical aspects. Divan of Abu al-Reza Ravandi is one of these divans that has many historical references and was written by a Shiite scholar during the domination of the Sunni Seljuks. This research intends to study the historical significance of this work as a neglected historical text from the Seljuk period by analyzing different parts of this divan and discovering and extracting the poetchr('39')s historical references in various fields. Results of this study indicate the importance of Divan of Abolreza Ravandi in the field of political, cultural and social history of Kashan in the Seljuk period and introduce this divan as the local history of Kashan in this period.